7/14/2023 0 Comments Elyon pronunciation![]() ![]() This is in contrast to Karaite Jews, who traditionally viewed pronouncing the Tetragrammaton as a mitzvah because the name appears some 6800 times throughout the Tanakh though most modern Karaites, under pressure and seeking acceptance from mainstream Rabbinical Jews, now also use the term Adonai instead, and the Beta Israel, who pronounce the Tetragrammaton as "Yahu", but also use the Geʽez term Igziabeher. The Masoretic Text adds to the Tetragrammaton the vowel points of Adonai or Elohim (depending on the context), indicating that these are the words to be pronounced in place of the Tetragrammaton (see Qere and Ketiv), as shown also by the subtle pronunciation changes when combined with a preposition or a conjunction. Vowel points began to be added to the Hebrew text only in the early medieval period. The Talmud relates, perhaps anecdotally, this began with the death of Simeon the Just. It had ceased to be spoken aloud by at least the 3rd century BCE, during Second Temple Judaism. Mark Sameth argues that only a pseudo name was pronounced, the four letters YHWH being a cryptogram which the priests of ancient Israel read in reverse as huhi, "heshe", signifying a dual-gendered deity, as earlier theorized by Guillaume Postel (16th century) and Michelangelo Lanci (19th century). Nothing in the Torah explicitly prohibits speaking the name and the Book of Ruth shows it was being pronounced as late as the fifth century BCE. ![]() In prayers it is replaced by the word Adonai ("My Lord"), and in discussion by HaShem "The Name". Modern Rabbinical Jewish culture judges it forbidden to pronounce this name. Hebrew script is an abjad, so that the letters in the name are normally consonants, usually expanded as Yahweh in English. 600 BCE).Īlso abbreviated Jah, the most common name of God in the Hebrew Bible is the Tetragrammaton, יהוה, that is usually transcribed as YHWH. The Tetragrammaton in the Ketef Hinnom silver scrolls with the Priestly Blessing from the Book of Numbers ( c. All other names, such as "Merciful", "Gracious" and "Faithful", merely represent attributes that are also common to human beings. The tanna Jose ben Halafta considered "Tzevaot" a common name in the second century and Rabbi Ishmael considered "Elohim" to be one. In addition, the name Jah-because it forms part of the Tetragrammaton-is similarly protected. The names of God that, once written, cannot be erased because of their holiness are the Tetragrammaton, Adonai, El, Elohim, Shaddai, Tzevaot some also include I Am that I Am. Some moderns advise special care even in these cases, and many Orthodox Jews have adopted the chumras of writing "G-d" instead of "God" in English or saying Ṭēt- Vav ( טו, lit. "9-6") instead of Yōd- Hē ( יה, lit. "10-5" but also " Jah") for the number fifteen or Ṭēt- Zayin ( טז, lit. "9-7") instead of Yōd-Vav ( יו, lit. "10-6") for the Hebrew number sixteen. Early authorities considered other Hebrew names mere epithets or descriptions of God, and wrote that they and names in other languages may be written and erased freely. ![]() ![]() Lord of Hosts) and צְבָאֽוֹת ( Tzevaoth transl. God, a plural noun), אֵל שַׁדַּי ( El Shaddai transl. Judaism considers some names of God so holy that, once written, they should not be erased: יהוה ( YHWH), אֲדֹנָי ( Adonai), אֵל ( El transl. ![]()
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